5 Appendixes

5.1 A Feature System Declaration for the EAGLES morphosyntactic Guidelines

This is a complete FSD for the EAGLES Guidelines for morphosyntactic analysis, using the formalism defined in chapter 26 of the TEI Guidelines. It consists of a series of declarations for feature structures, each represented as a <fsDecl> element, and each corresponding with an EAGLES recommended feature. Each <fsDecl> contains a series of <fDecl> elements, each corresponding with a set of the feature-value pairs defined for that feature structure in the EAGLES scheme. The values (<vRange>) are specified as a set of alternate values using the <vAlt> element, indicating that EAGLES does not permit multi-valued features, but a system-dependent default value (<dft>) is permitted for use in cases where none of the specified values is applicable.

<!DOCTYPE teiFsd2 system "teifsd2.dtd">
<TEIfsd2>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Feature System Declaration for the EAGLES tagset</title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationstmt>
<p>Prepared for ELRA WP3
</publicationstmt>
<sourcedesc><p>No source: this is an original work</sourcedesc>
</filedesc>
<revisiondesc>
<change><date>2 apr 1997</date>
<respstmt><resp>ed</resp><name>LB</name></respstmt>
<item>Minor changes for validation; added header</item>
</change>
<change>
<date>31 mar 1997</date>
<respstmt><resp></resp><name>APM</name></respstmt>
<item>First complete draft</item>
</change>
</revisiondesc>
</teiHeader>

<!-- Feature system for Nouns -->

<fsDecl type = Noun>
<fDecl name = Type>
<fDescr>Range types associated with a noun</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Common --> 
<sym value=2><!-- Proper -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Gender>
<fDescr>Range genders associated with a noun</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Masculine -->
<sym value=2><!-- Feminine -->
<sym value=3><!-- Neuter -->
<sym value=4><!-- Common FOR USE WITH DUTCH AND DANISH ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Number>
<fDescr>Range number associated with a noun</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Singular -->
<sym value=2><!-- Plural -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Case>
<fDescr>Range case associated with a noun</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Nominative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Genitive -->
<sym value=3><!-- Dative -->
<sym value=4><!-- Accusative -->
<sym value=5><!-- Vocative -->
<sym value=6><!-- Indeclinable VALUE FOR GREEK ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Countability>
<fDescr>Optional attribute counatbility</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Count -->
<sym value=2><!-- Mass -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Countability>
<fDescr>Language Specific Attribute Definiteness for Danish</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Definite -->
<sym value=2><!-- Indefinite -->
<sym value=3><!-- Unmarked -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Verbs -->

<fsDecl type = Verb>
<fDecl name = Person>
<fDescr>Range person associated with a verb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- First Person -->
<sym value=2><!-- Second person -->
<sym value=3><!-- Third person -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Gender>
<fDescr>Range genders associated with a verb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Masculine -->
<sym value=2><!-- Feminine -->
<sym value=3><!-- Neuter -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Number>
<fDescr>Range number associated with a verb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Singular -->
<sym value=2><!-- Plural -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Finiteness>
<fDescr>Range finiteness associated with a verb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Finite -->
<sym value=2><!-- Non Finite -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = FormOrMood>
<fDescr>Range form/mood associated with a verb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Indicative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Subjunctive -->
<sym value=3><!-- Imperative -->
<sym value=4><!-- Conditional -->
<sym value=5><!-- Infinitive -->
<sym value=6><!-- Participle -->
<sym value=7><!-- Gerund -->
<sym value=8><!-- Supine -->
<sym value=9><!-- Ing Form VALID FOR ENGLISH ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Tense>
<fDescr>Range tense associated with a verb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Present -->
<sym value=2><!-- Imperfect -->
<sym value=3><!-- Future -->
<sym value=4><!-- Past -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Voice>
<fDescr>Range voice associated with a verb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Active -->
<sym value=2><!-- Passive -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Status>
<fDescr>Range status associated with a verb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Main -->
<sym value=2><!-- Auxiliary -->
<sym value=3><!-- Optional Attribute Semi Auxiliary -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Aspect>
<fDescr>Optional Aspect attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Perfective -->
<sym value=2><!-- Imperfective -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Separability>
<fDescr>Optional Separability Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Non Separable -->
<sym value=2><!-- Separable -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Reflexivity>
<fDescr>Optional Reflexivity Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Reflexive -->
<sym value=2><!-- Non reflexive -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Auxiliary>
<fDescr>Optional Auxiliary Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Have -->
<sym value=2><!-- Be -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = AuxiliaryFunction>
<fDescr>Auxiliary Function Attribute Applicable ONLY TO ENGLISH</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Primary -->
<sym value=2><!-- Modal -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Adjectives -->

<fsDecl type = Adjective>
<fDecl name = Degree>
<fDescr>Range degree associated with an adjective</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Positive -->
<sym value=2><!-- Comparative -->
<sym value=3><!-- Superlative -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Gender>
<fDescr>Range genders associated with an adjective</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Masculine -->
<sym value=2><!-- Feminine -->
<sym value=3><!-- Neuter -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Number>
<fDescr>Range number associated with an adjective</fDescr>

<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Singular -->
<sym value=2><!-- Plural -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Case>
<fDescr>Range case associated with an adjective</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Nominative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Genitive -->
<sym value=3><!-- Dative -->
<sym value=4><!-- Accusative -->
<sym value=5><!-- Vocative GREEK ONLY-->
<sym value=6><!-- Indeclinable GREEK ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = InflectionType>
<fDescr>Optional Inflection Type Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Weak flection -->
<sym value=2><!-- Strong flection -->
<sym value=3><!-- Mixed -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Use>
<fDescr>Optional Use Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Attributive-->
<sym value=2><!-- Predicative -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = NPFunction>
<fDescr>Optional NP Function Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Premodifying -->
<sym value=2><!-- Postmodifying -->
<sym value=3><!-- Head function -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Pronoun-Determiners -->

<fsDecl type = PronounDeterminer>
<fDecl name = Person>
<fDescr>Range person associated with a pronoun/determiner</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- First Person -->
<sym value=2><!-- Second person -->
<sym value=3><!-- Third person -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Gender>
<fDescr>Range genders associated with a pronoun/determiner</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Masculine -->
<sym value=2><!-- Feminine -->
<sym value=3><!-- Neuter -->
<sym value=4><!-- Common DANISH ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Number>
<fDescr>Range number associated with a pronoun/determiner</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Singular -->
<sym value=2><!-- Plural -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Case>
<fDescr>Range case associated with a pronoun/determiner</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Nominative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Genitive -->
<sym value=3><!-- Dative -->
<sym value=4><!-- Accusative -->
<sym value=5><!-- Non Genitive -->
<sym value=6><!-- Oblique -->
<sym value=7><!-- Prepositional case SPANISH ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Category>
<fDescr>Range category associated with a pronoun/determiner</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Pronoun -->
<sym value=2><!-- Determiner -->
<sym value=3><!-- Both Pronoun and Determiner -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = PronounType>
<fDescr>Range pronoun type associated with a pronoun/determiner</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Demonstrative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Indefinite -->
<sym value=3><!-- Possessive -->
<sym value=4><!-- Int/Rel -->
<sym value=5><!-- Personal/Reflexive -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = DeterminerType>
<fDescr>Range determiner type associated with a pronoun/determiner</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Demonstrative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Indefinite -->
<sym value=3><!-- Possessive -->
<sym value=4><!-- Int/Rel -->
<sym value=5><!-- Partitive -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Strength>
<fDescr>Range strength associated with a pronoun/determiner in FRENCH DUTCH AND GREEK ONLY</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Weak -->
<sym value=2><!-- Strong -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = SpecialPronounType>
<fDescr>Optional Special Pronoun Type Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Personal -->
<sym value=2><!-- Reflexive -->
<sym value=3><!-- Reciprocal -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = WHType>
<fDescr>Optional WH Type Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Interogative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Relative -->
<sym value=3><!-- Exclamatory -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Politeness>
<fDescr>Optional Politeness Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Polite -->
<sym value=2><!-- Familiar -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Articles -->

<fsDecl type = Articles>
<fDecl name = ArticleType>
<fDescr>Range types associated with an article</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Definite -->
<sym value=2><!-- Indefinite -->
<sym value=3><!-- Partitive FRENCH ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Gender>
<fDescr>Range genders associated with an article</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Masculine -->
<sym value=2><!-- Feminine -->
<sym value=3><!-- Neuter -->
<sym value=4><!-- Common DANISH ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Number>
<fDescr>Range number associated with an article</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Singular -->
<sym value=2><!-- Plural -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Case>
<fDescr>Range case associated with an article</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Nominative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Genitive -->
<sym value=3><!-- Dative -->
<sym value=4><!-- Accusative -->
<sym value=5><!-- Vocative GREEK ONLY -->
<sym value=6><!-- Indeclinable GREEK ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Adverbs -->

<fsDecl type = Adverbs>
<fDecl name = Degree>
<fDescr>Range degree associated with an adverb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Positive -->
<sym value=2><!-- Comparative -->
<sym value=3><!-- Superlative -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = AdverbType>
<fDescr>Optional Adverb Type Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- General -->
<sym value=2><!-- Degree -->
<sym value=3><!-- Particle ENGLISH GERMAN DUTCH ONLY -->
<sym value=4><!-- Pronominal ENGLISH GERMAN DUTCH ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Polarity>
<fDescr>Optional Polarity Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- WH Type -->
<sym value=2><!-- Non Wh Type -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = WHType>
<fDescr>Range degree associated with an adverb</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Interogative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Relative -->
<sym value=3><!-- Exclamatory -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Adpositions -->

<fsDecl type = Adposition>
<fDecl name = Type>
<fDescr>Range types associated with an adposition</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Preposition -->
<sym value=2><!-- Optional Fused Prepositional Article Value -->
<sym value=3><!-- Postposition ENGLISH GERMAN ONLY -->
<sym value=4><!-- Circumposition ENGLISH GERMAN ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Conjunctions -->

<fsDecl type = Conjunction>
<fDecl name = Type>
<fDescr>Range types associated with a conjunction</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Coordinating -->
<sym value=2><!-- Subordinating -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = CoordType>
<fDescr>Optional Coordination Type Attribute</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Simple -->
<sym value=2><!-- Correlative-->
<sym value=3><!-- Inital -->
<sym value=4><!-- Non Initial-->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = SubordType>
<fDescr>Subordination Type for GERMAN ONLY</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- With finite -->
<sym value=2><!-- With infinite-->
<sym value=3><!-- Comparative-->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Numerals -->

<fsDecl type = Numerals>
<fDecl name = Type>
<fDescr>Range types associated with a numeral</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Cardinal -->
<sym value=2><!-- Ordinal -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Gender>
<fDescr>Range genders associated with a numeral</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Masculine -->
<sym value=2><!-- Feminine -->
<sym value=3><!-- Neuter -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Number>
<fDescr>Range number associated with a numeral</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Singular -->
<sym value=2><!-- Plural -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Case>
<fDescr>Range case associated with a numeral</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Nominative -->
<sym value=2><!-- Genitive -->
<sym value=3><!-- Dative -->
<sym value=4><!-- Accusative -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Function>
<fDescr>Range function associated with a numeral</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Pronoun -->
<sym value=2><!-- Determiner -->
<sym value=3><!-- Adjective -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Unique tags -->

<fsDecl type = unique>
<fdecl name="interjection">
<fDescr>Range of types associated with interjections</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Interjection -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fdecl></fsDecl>
<fsDecl type = Unique>
<fDecl name = InfinitiveMarker>
<fDescr>Range types associated with an infinitive marker</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- German marker zu GERMAN ONLY -->
<sym value=2><!-- Danish marker at DANISH ONLY -->
<sym value=3><!-- Dutch marker DUTCH ONLY -->
<sym value=4><!-- English marker ENGLISH ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = NegativeParticle>
<fDescr>Negative particles ENGLISH ONLY</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- full form not -->
<sym value=2><!-- contracted form of not -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = ExistentialMarker>
<fDescr>Existential Markers</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- English existential marker ENGLISH ONLY -->
<sym value=2><!-- Danish existential marker DANISH ONLY -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = SecondNegativeParticle>
<fDescr>Second negative particles FRENCH ONLY</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- French pas -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Anticipatory>
<fDescr>Anticipatory Marker er DUTCH only</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- er -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Mediopassive>
<fDescr>Mediopassive PORTUGESE ONLY</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Mediopassive marker se -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = PreverbalParticle>
<fDescr>Preverbal Particle GREEK ONLY</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Preverbal particle -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Residuals -->

<fsDecl type = Residual>
<fDecl name = Type>
<fDescr>Range types associated with a residual</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Foreign Word -->
<sym value=2><!-- Formula -->
<sym value=3><!-- Symbol -->
<sym value=4><!-- Acronym -->
<sym value=5><!-- Abbreviation -->
<sym value=6><!-- Unclassified -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Number>
<fDescr>Range number associated with a residual</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Singular -->
<sym value=2><!-- Plural -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Gender>
<fDescr>Range genders associated with a residual</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Masculine -->
<sym value=2><!-- Feminine -->
<sym value=3><!-- Neuter -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>

<!-- Feature system for Punctuation -->

<fsDecl type = Punctuation>
<fDecl name = Period>
<fDescr>Range types associated with a fullstop</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Period -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Comma>
<fDescr>Range types associated with a comma</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Comma -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
<fDecl name = Question>
<fDescr>Range types associated with a question mark</fDescr>
<vRange><vAlt>
<sym value=0><!-- Value not relevant for a language -->
<sym value=1><!-- Question mark -->
</vAlt></vRange>
<vDefault><dft></vDefault>
</fDecl>
</fsDecl>
</TEIfsd2>

5.2 Sample Mapping Lists for the EAGLES Obligatory Features

The following tables illustrate how a particular set of analytic tags, in this case the CLAWS7 tagset, can be re-expressed in terms of the EAGLES `intermediate representation'. In cases where the CLAWS7 tag underspecies, each possible EAGLES value is given as an alternation.

The tables are organized as follows. Each table relates to an EAGLES obligatory feature, within which appear entries for all of the CLAWS tags categorised as being grouped with that feature. These tags are then further analysed in terms of their recommended features.

Mapping list for Nouns
Tag Category Type Gender Number Case
ND1 N 1 0 1 0
NN N 1 0 0 0
NN1 N 1 0 1 0
NN2 N 1 0 2 0
NNA N 1 0 0 0
NNB N 1 0 0 0
NNJ N 1 0 0 0
NNJ2 N 1 0 2 0
NNL1 N 1 0 1 0
NNL2 N 1 0 2 0
NN0 N 1 0 0 0
NN02 N 1 0 2 0
NNT1 N 1 0 1 0
NNT2 N 1 0 2 0
NNU N 1 0 0 0
NNU1 N 1 0 1 0
NNU2 N 1 0 2 0
NP N 2 0 0 0
NP1 N 2 0 1 0
NP2 N 2 0 2 0
NPD1 N 2 0 1 0
NPD2 N 2 0 2 0
NPM1 N 2 0 1 0
NPM2 N 2 0 2 0

Mapping list for Nouns
Tag	Category	Type	Gender	Number	Case
ND1	N	1	0	1	0
NN	N	1	0	0	0
NN1	N	1	0	1	0
NN2	N	1	0	2	0
NNA	N	1	0	0	0
NNB	N	1	0	0	0
NNJ	N	1	0	0	0
NNJ2	N	1	0	2	0
NNL1	N	1	0	1	0
NNL2	N	1	0	2	0
NN0	N	1	0	0	0
NN02	N	1	0	2	0
NNT1	N	1	0	1	0
NNT2	N	1	0	2	0
NNU	N	1	0	0	0
NNU1	N	1	0	1	0
NNU2	N	1	0	2	0
NP	N	2	0	0	0
NP1	N	2	0	1	0
NP2	N	2	0	2	0
NPD1	N	2	0	1	0
NPD2	N	2	0	2	0
NPM1	N	2	0	1	0
NPM2	N	2	0	2	0

Mapping list for Verbs
Tag Category Person Gender Number Finite Mood Tense Voice Status
VB0 V 0 0 0 1 2|3 1|0 0 0
VBDR V 2|0|0 0 1|2|0 1 1|1|2 4 0 0
VBDZ V -2 0 1 1 1 4 0 0
VBG V 0 0 0 2 9 0 0 0
VBI V 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 0
VBM V 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
VBN V 0 0 0 2 6 4 0 0
VBR V 2|0 0 1|2 1 1 1 0 0
VBZ V 3 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
VD0 V -3|0|0|0 0 1|2|0|0 1 1|1|2|3 1|1|1|0 0 0
VDD V 0 0 0 1 1 4 0 0
VDG V 0 0 0 2 9 0 0 1
VDI V 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 1
VDN V 0 0 0 2 6 4 0 1
VDZ V 3 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
VH0 V -3|0|0|0 0 1|2|0|0 1 1|1|2|3 1|1|1|0 0 0
VHD V 0 0 0 1 1 4 0 0
VHN V 0 0 0 2 6 4 0 1
VHG V 0 0 0 2 9 0 0 0
VHI V 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 0
VHZ V 3 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
VM V 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2
VMK V 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 3
VV0 V -3|0|0|0|0 0 1|2|0|0|0 1|1|1|1|0 1|1|2|3|0 1|1|1|0|1 0 1
VVD V 0 0 0 1 1 4 0 1
VVG V 0 0 0 2 9 0 0 1
VVGK V 0 0 0 2 9 0 0 1
VVI V 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 1
VVN V 0 0 0 2 6 4 0 1
VVNK V 0 0 0 2 6 4 0 3
VVZ V 3 0 1 1 1 1 0 1

Mapping list for Verbs
Tag	Category	Person	Gender	Number	Finite	Mood	Tense	Voice	Status
VB0	V	0	0	0	1	2\|3	1\|0	0	0
VBDR	V	2\|0\|0	0	1\|2\|0	1	1\|1\|2	4	0	0
VBDZ	V	-2	0	1	1	1	4	0	0
VBG	V	0	0	0	2	9	0	0	0
VBI	V	0	0	0	2	5	0	0	0
VBM	V	1	0	1	1	1	1	0	0
VBN	V	0	0	0	2	6	4	0	0
VBR	V	2\|0	0	1\|2	1	1	1	0	0
VBZ	V	3	0	1	1	1	1	0	0
VD0	V	-3\|0\|0\|0	0	1\|2\|0\|0	1	1\|1\|2\|3	1\|1\|1\|0	0	0
VDD	V	0	0	0	1	1	4	0	0
VDG	V	0	0	0	2	9	0	0	1
VDI	V	0	0	0	2	5	0	0	1
VDN	V	0	0	0	2	6	4	0	1
VDZ	V	3	0	1	1	1	1	0	0
VH0	V	-3\|0\|0\|0	0	1\|2\|0\|0	1	1\|1\|2\|3	1\|1\|1\|0	0	0
VHD	V	0	0	0	1	1	4	0	0
VHN	V	0	0	0	2	6	4	0	1
VHG	V	0	0	0	2	9	0	0	0
VHI	V	0	0	0	2	5	0	0	0
VHZ	V	3	0	1	1	1	1	0	0
VM	V	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	2
VMK	V	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	3
VV0	V	-3\|0\|0\|0\|0	0	1\|2\|0\|0\|0	1\|1\|1\|1\|0	1\|1\|2\|3\|0	1\|1\|1\|0\|1	0	1
VVD	V	0	0	0	1	1	4	0	1
VVG	V	0	0	0	2	9	0	0	1
VVGK	V	0	0	0	2	9	0	0	1
VVI	V	0	0	0	2	5	0	0	1
VVN	V	0	0	0	2	6	4	0	1
VVNK	V	0	0	0	2	6	4	0	3
VVZ	V	3	0	1	1	1	1	0	1

Mapping list for Pronoun-Determiners
Tag Category Person Gender Number Possessive Case Category Pronoun Type Determiner Type
APPGE PD 1|2 0 1|2|0 0|1|2 0 2 0 3
DA PD 0|3 0 1|2 0 0 3 0 2
DA1 PD 0|3 0 1 0 0 3 0 2
DA2 PD 0|3 0 2 0 0 3 0 2
DAR PD 0|3 0 0 0 0 3 0 4
DAT PD 0|3 0 0 0 0 3 0 4
DB PD 0|3 0 0 0 0 3 0 4
DB2 PD 0|3 0 2 0 0 3 0 1
DD PD 0|3 0 0 0 0 3 0 2
DD1 PD 0|3 0 1 0 0 3 0 1
DD2 PD 0|3 0 2 0 0 3 0 1
DDQ PD 0|3 0 0 0 0 3 0 4
DDQGE PD 0|3 0 0 1|2 0 3 0 3
DDQV PD 0|3 0 0 0 0 3 0 4
PN PD 0|3 0 0 0 0 1 2 0
PN1 PD 0|3 0 1 0 0 1 2 0
PNQ0 PD 0|3 0 0 0 6 1 4 0
PNQS PD 0|3 0 0 0 1 1 4 0
PNQV PD 0|3 0 1 0 0 1 4 0
PNX1 PD 3 0 1 0 0 1 5 0
PPGE PD 1|2|3 1|2|3 0 1|2|0 0 1 3 0
PPH1 PD 3 3 1 0 1|6 1 5 0
PPH01 PD 3 1|2 1 0 6 1 5 0
PPH02 PD 3 0 2 0 6 1 5 0
PPHS1 PD 3 1|2 1 0 1 1 5 0
PPHS2 PD 3 0 2 0 1 1 5 0
PPI01 PD 1 0 1 0 6 1 5 0
PPI02 PD 1 0 2 0 6 1 5 0
PPIS1 PD 1 0 1 0 1 1 5 0
PPIS2 PD 1 0 2 0 1 1 5 0
PPX1 PD 1|2|3 1|2|3 1 0 0 1 5 0
PPX2 PD 1|2|3 1|2|3 2 0 0 1 5 0
PPY PD 2 0 0 0 1|6 1 5 0

Mapping list for Pronoun-Determiners
Tag	Category	Person	Gender	Number	Possessive	Case	Category	Pronoun Type	Determiner Type
APPGE	PD	1\|2	0	1\|2\|0	0\|1\|2	0	2	0	3
DA	PD	0\|3	0	1\|2	0	0	3	0	2
DA1	PD	0\|3	0	1	0	0	3	0	2
DA2	PD	0\|3	0	2	0	0	3	0	2
DAR	PD	0\|3	0	0	0	0	3	0	4
DAT	PD	0\|3	0	0	0	0	3	0	4
DB	PD	0\|3	0	0	0	0	3	0	4
DB2	PD	0\|3	0	2	0	0	3	0	1
DD	PD	0\|3	0	0	0	0	3	0	2
DD1	PD	0\|3	0	1	0	0	3	0	1
DD2	PD	0\|3	0	2	0	0	3	0	1
DDQ	PD	0\|3	0	0	0	0	3	0	4
DDQGE	PD	0\|3	0	0	1\|2	0	3	0	3
DDQV	PD	0\|3	0	0	0	0	3	0	4
PN	PD	0\|3	0	0	0	0	1	2	0
PN1	PD	0\|3	0	1	0	0	1	2	0
PNQ0	PD	0\|3	0	0	0	6	1	4	0
PNQS	PD	0\|3	0	0	0	1	1	4	0
PNQV	PD	0\|3	0	1	0	0	1	4	0
PNX1	PD	3	0	1	0	0	1	5	0
PPGE	PD	1\|2\|3	1\|2\|3	0	1\|2\|0	0	1	3	0
PPH1	PD	3	3	1	0	1\|6	1	5	0
PPH01	PD	3	1\|2	1	0	6	1	5	0
PPH02	PD	3	0	2	0	6	1	5	0
PPHS1	PD	3	1\|2	1	0	1	1	5	0
PPHS2	PD	3	0	2	0	1	1	5	0
PPI01	PD	1	0	1	0	6	1	5	0
PPI02	PD	1	0	2	0	6	1	5	0
PPIS1	PD	1	0	1	0	1	1	5	0
PPIS2	PD	1	0	2	0	1	1	5	0
PPX1	PD	1\|2\|3	1\|2\|3	1	0	0	1	5	0
PPX2	PD	1\|2\|3	1\|2\|3	2	0	0	1	5	0
PPY	PD	2	0	0	0	1\|6	1	5	0

Mapping list for Adjectives
Tag Category Degree Gender Number Case
JJ AJ 1 0 0 0
JJR AJ 2 0 0 0
JJT AJ 3 0 0 0
JK AJ 1 0 0 0

Mapping list for Adjectives
Tag	Category	Degree	Gender	Number	Case
JJ	AJ	1	0	0	0
JJR	AJ	2	0	0	0
JJT	AJ	3	0	0	0
JK	AJ	1	0	0	0

Mapping list for Adverbs
Tag Category Degree +/- Wh +/- Type Degree
RA AV 1 2 1
REX AV 1 2 1
RG AV 1 2 2
RGQ AV 1 1 2
RGQV AV 1 1 2
RGR AV 2 2 2
RGT AV 3 2 2
RL AV 1 2 1
RP AV 1 2 3
RPK AV 1 2 3
RR AV 1 2 1
RRQ AV 1 1 1
RRQV AV 1 1 1
RRR AV 2 2 1
RRT AV 3 2 1
RT AV 1 2 1

Mapping list for Adverbs
Tag	Category	Degree	+/- Wh	+/- Type Degree
RA	AV	1	2	1
REX	AV	1	2	1
RG	AV	1	2	2
RGQ	AV	1	1	2
RGQV	AV	1	1	2
RGR	AV	2	2	2
RGT	AV	3	2	2
RL	AV	1	2	1
RP	AV	1	2	3
RPK	AV	1	2	3
RR	AV	1	2	1
RRQ	AV	1	1	1
RRQV	AV	1	1	1
RRR	AV	2	2	1
RRT	AV	3	2	1
RT	AV	1	2	1

Mapping list for Articles
Tag Category Article Type Gender Number Case
AT AT 1 0 0 0
AT1 AT 2 0 1 0

Mapping list for Articles
Tag	Category	Article Type	Gender	Number	Case
AT	AT	1	0	0	0
AT1	AT	2	0	1	0

Mapping list for Adposition tags
Tag Category Type
IF AP 1
II AP 1
IO AP 1
IW AP 1
GE AP 3

Mapping list for Adposition tags
Tag	Category	Type
IF	AP	1
II	AP	1
IO	AP	1
IW	AP	1
GE	AP	3

Mapping list for Conjunctions
Tag Category Type Coordination Type Subordination Type
BCL C 1 2 0
CC C 1 1|4 0
CCB C 1 1 0
CS C 2 0 1
CSA C 2 0 3
CSN C 2 0 3
CST C 2 0 1
CSW C 2 0 1|2

Mapping list for Conjunctions
Tag	Category	Type	Coordination Type	Subordination Type
BCL	C	1	2	0
CC	C	1	1\|4	0
CCB	C	1	1	0
CS	C	2	0	1
CSA	C	2	0	3
CSN	C	2	0	3
CST	C	2	0	1
CSW	C	2	0	1\|2

Mapping list for Numerals
Tag Category Type Gender Number Case Function
MC NU 1 0 0 0 0
MC1 NU 1 0 1 0 0
MC2 NU 1 0 2 0 0
MCGE NU 1 0 0 0 0
MCMC NU 1 0 0 0 0
MD NU 2 0 0 0 0

Mapping list for Numerals
Tag	Category	Type	Gender	Number	Case	Function
MC	NU	1	0	0	0	0
MC1	NU	1	0	1	0	0
MC2	NU	1	0	2	0	0
MCGE	NU	1	0	0	0	0
MCMC	NU	1	0	0	0	0
MD	NU	2	0	0	0	0

Mapping list for Residuals
Tag Category Type Number Gender
FO R 2 0 0
FU R 6 0 0
FW R 1 0 0
ZZ1 R 3 1 0
ZZ2 R 3 2 0
MF R 3 0 0

Mapping list for Residuals
Tag	Category	Type	Number	Gender
FO	R	2	0	0
FU	R	6	0	0
FW	R	1	0	0
ZZ1	R	3	1	0
ZZ2	R	3	2	0
MF	R	3	0	0

Mapping list for Unique tags
Tag Unique Category Description
UH I Interjection
EX UE Existential `there'
TO UT Infinitive marker
XX UX Negative particle
PUQ R Punctuation mark (quotation)
PUN R Punctuation mark (non-quotation)

Mapping list for Unique tags
Tag	Unique Category	Description
UH	I	Interjection
EX	UE	Existential `there'
TO	UT	Infinitive marker
XX	UX	Negative particle
PUQ	R	Punctuation mark (quotation)
PUN	R	Punctuation mark (non-quotation)

5.3 Some current markup validation practice

In the following list, we summarize claims made by the builders of several of the corpora analysed in Work Package 2 regarding how the encoding of their corpus was validated. The information here is only partial, and has not been reviewed by our informants.

BNC SGML parser used to validate all markup against the CDIF (Corpus Document Interchange Format) dtd; all tagging errors reported are then hand-corrected. Some semantic validation (on a portion of each text) also performed for errors such as incorrect or missing headings, with limited manual correction. All addition of analytic tagging was automatic. but its syntactic validity was checked again, using an SGML parser. As a separate exercise, a 2 percent sample of the corpus was hand-checked for accuracy of analytic tagging, and the results used to improve the original part-of-speech tagging. (Results of this are not yet publicly available, but are due in 1998).
LOB and Brown No SGML mark-up used, but structure indicated by means of a simple and automatically verifiable coding. Typographic errors are retained unchanged. Analytic coding performed using similar techniques to those of the BNC.
London Lund Corpus No SGML mark-up used, but detailed indication of prosodic features using idiosyncratic markup scheme; no information available as to how this was verified.
Penn Treebank No SGML mark-up used, but detailed indication of syntactic features using idiosyncratic markup scheme;validated by own analytic tools.
ICE Originally used own SGML-like markup scheme, validated by suite of WordPerfect macros which inserted text unit markup after full stops etc. This system ``generally ensures that markup symbols are closed, and reminds users to do so should they try opening the same symbol again before closing it.'' Nelson 1996, p 65-66. After developing further software tools to check validity, the project has reportedly converted to an SGML system, but we have been unable to obtain further details of this.
Multext and CRATER Where applicable, automatic conversion of preexisting header data was carried out. As for primary data in most cases division and/or paragraph level markup of some kind already existed in the texts we received, so getting P and DIV was a matter of conversion or automatic insertion. However, corrections were made by hand to P level markup. Since they were dealing with issues of alignment the accuracy of sentence level (and above) tags was crucial, so, while automatic means where used for as many of the steps as practical, hand-checking was also performed on sentence and above (<p>, <quote>, <div> etc) markup. All texts were parsed against their respective DTDs.
Plato According to our informant, ``The corpora were produced all over Europe in various formats and by people with varying amounts of experience and expertise in such work. Many started with a paper text, which was then scanned or even keyboarded. So this was clearly an issue to be tackled, especially since we wanted to align the texts and needed the markup to be not just accurate and SGML-wise correct, but also similar enough to assist the aligner. Parsers (nsgmls/xemacs) were used to check and correct the SGML, and most of the hands-on dirty work was done recently at the workshop in Nancy with Laurent Romary and his team. Most of the TELRI-ers who had prepared texts came along and we had the chance to really check and compare the texts. Some of the texts very initially sliced into sentences using tools that has been developped at our sites and which, being SGML aware can base their work upon an existing [lt ]p[gt ] structure. ''
The Lampeter Corpus Originally prepared using word processor macros to insert minimal tagging for font changes and some structural features, use of different languages etc. The texts were then converted to true SGML by a combination of automatic and manual means, and have been proof read several times. Correction and validation carried out using emacs, PSGML, SP, and Author/Editor.
ENPC Validated against the TEI P3 DTD twice, once after proofreading, and then again after alignment to check that the values of the id and corresp attributes are unique and that the value of the corresp attribute points to an existing id in the parallel text. All validation performed by SP; project has developed its own SGML-aware software for further analysis.
UAMSC Uses SGML-like coding for speaker identification and vocalic effects but not validated during data capture; some subsequent SGML-based analysis and validation.
Helsinki Uses simply OCP-style markup only; validated only by analytic tools.
MUC Some use of SGML-style tagging, e.g. for anaphor markup. No formal validation, other than by analytic tools.
Speech Thought and Writing Presentation Corpus Some use of SGML-style tagging but no formal validation, other than by analytic tools. Tagging all manually added.
PAROLE Minimal TEI-conformant dtd defined at start of project against which all corpora are eventually to be validated. Considerable variation in encoding practices reported amongst partners, no detailed information currently available.

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