Philosophers: S

Adi Śańkara (788-820 CE) (Śakarācārya, Shankara, Śamkara)
The links that used to be here have been moved to my own Adi Śańkara page.
Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-80 CE)
Jean-Paul Sartre Article by Thomas Flynn for the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Jean-Paul Sartre: Existentialism Article by Christian J. Onof from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Jean-Paul Sartre Wikipedia article. United Kingdom Society for Sartrean Studies "The UKSSS was formed in 1992. Its purpose is to promote the study, research and discussion of the literary, philosophical, cultural and political issues arising from Sartre's work." North American Sartre Society "dedicated to the study of all aspects of the work and thought of Jean-Paul Sartre." Jean Paul Sartre, Existentialism, Philosophy, History Large site, which in fact seems concerned more with the literary side of things.
Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860 CE)
Arthur Schopenhauer Article by Robert Wicks for the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Arthur Schopenhauer Wikipedia article. Arthur Schopenhauer On-line texts from Project Gutenberg.
Alfred Schütz (1899-1959 CE)
Alfred Schutz Article by Lester Embree from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Alfred Schütz Wikipedia article. Alfred Schutz Archive: Established in the Memory of Alfred and Ilse Schutz A JApanese archive, also in English, based at Waseda University.
John Rogers Searle (b.1932 CE)
Articles & Web pages Professor John Searle His Departmental Web page at the University of California, Berkeley. John Searle Wikipedia article. Review of The Rediscovery of the Mind Review by Kelley L. Ross for the Proceedings of the Friesian School. Reality Principles: An Interview with John R. Searle Interviewed by Edward Feser and Steven Postrel for Reason magazine. Conversation with John Searle Interviewed by Harry Kreisler for the U.C. Berkeley Institute of International Studies' Conversations with History. John R. Searle's Chinese room argument Discussion, partly in dialogue form, by Eyal Reingold. Texts Papers, etc., provided on Searle's Web page: Langage, conscience, rationalité: une philosophie naturelle, entretien avec John SEARLE [PDF] Consciousness [RTF] The Future of Philosophy (Article for the millenium proceedings of the Royal Society) [RTF] Neither Phenomenological Description Nor Rational Reconstruction: Reply to Dreyfus (version of 30th January 1999) [RTF] Interview With John Searle By Julian Moore [RTF] http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~jsearle/royallon.rtf">Free Will as a Problem in Neurobiology [text, with some UNIX formatting] Refutation of Relativism [text, with some UNIX formatting] Biological Naturalism [M$-Word doc] Why I Am Not a Property Dualist [M$-Word doc] Social Ontology: Some Basic Principles [M$-Word doc] John R. Searle Archive of articles and reviews from the New York Review of Books. The Problem of Consciousness Provided by Steven Harnad (University of Southampton). Minds, Brains, and Programs From The Behavioral and Brain Sciences vol. 3 (1980); provided by NeoNoetics. Is the Brain a Digital Computer? Presidential address to the American Philosophical Association; provided by Steven Harnad (University of Southampton).
Wilfrid Sellars (1912-1989 CE)
Articles & Web pages Wilfrid Sellars Article by Jay Rosenberg for the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Wilfrid Sellars Article by Christopher Grauker for the Dictionary of Philosophy of Mind. Wilfrid Sellars Wikipedia article. Problems from Wilfrid Sellars Moderated by Andrew Chrucky, at the University of Chicago Philosophy Project. Introduction, forum, and extensive archives. Fusing the Images: Nachruf for Wilfrid Sellars Paper by Jay F. Rosenberg first published in the Journal for General Philosophy of Science, 21 (1990): pp 1-23. Provided by the Problems from Wilfrid Sellars pages. Texts Texts provided by Digital Text International (who also provide on-line texts of Sellars' correspondence) Acquaintance and Description Again (from The Journal of Philosophy 46 (1949): pp 496-504) Aristotleian Philosophies of Mind (from Philosophy for The Future, The Quest of Modern Materialism [edd] Roy Wood Sellars, V.J. McGill, & Marvin Farber (1949): pp 544-70) Autobiographical Reflections (from Action, Knowledge, and Reality: Critical Studies in Honor of Wilfrid Sellars [ed.] Hector-Neri Castañeda (1975)) Being and Some Categories (unpublished) The Concept of Emergence (with Paul E. Meehl, from Herbert Feigl & Michael Scriven [ed] Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Volume I: The Foundations of Science and the Concepts of Psychology and Psychoanalysis (1956): pp 239-252) Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind (from Herbert Feigl & Michael Scriven [ed] Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Volume I: The Foundations of Science and the Concepts of Psychology and Psychoanalysis (1956): pp 253-259) Form and Content in Ethical Theory (The Lindley Lecture for 1967 (Department of Philosophy, University of Kansas, 1967)) Foundations for a Metaphysics of Pure Process: The Carus Lectures (from The Monist 64 (1981): pp 3-90) The Intentional Realism of Everett Hall (from The Southern Journal of Philosophy 4 (1966): pp 103-15; reprinted in Philosophical Perspectives (1967)) Is There a Synthetic A Priori? (from American Philosophers at Work: The Philosophic Scene in the United States ed. Sidney Hook (1956): pp 135-159) Kant's Transcendental Idealism (from Collections of Philosophy 6 (1976): pp 165-181) A Note on Popper's Argument for Dualism (from Analysis 15 (1954): pp 23-4) Philosophy and the Scientific Image of Man (from Frontiers of Science and Philosophy ed. Robert Colodny (1962): pp 35-78; reprinted in Science, Perception, and Reality (1963)) Putnam on Synonymity and Belief (from Analysis 15 (1955): pp 117-120) Review of Language and Myth by Ernst Cassirer (from Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 9 (1948-49): pp 326-29) The Rôle of the Imagination in Kant's Theory of Experience (from Categories: A Colloquium ed. Henry W. Johnstone, Jr (1978)) The Soul as Craftsman: an Interpretation of Plato on the Good (from Philosophical Perspectives (1967); reprinted in two volumes: Part. 1: History of Philosophy, pp 5-22) Substance, Change, and Event (A thesis submitted to the Committee on Graduate Study and Degrees of The University of Buffalo in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, June 1934)
Sextus Empiricus (fl. c.200 BCE)
Articles & Web pages Sextus Empiricus Article from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Sextus Empiricus Wikipedia article. Sextus Empiricus's critique of astrology Abstract of an article by Bart Koene; the full article can be downloaded as a PDF file. Provided by Astrology & Science. Texts & translations Outlines of Pyrrhonism University of Bucharest (R.G. Bury translation; Book One) Kelly A. Thomas (R.G. Bury translation; introduction & Book One) George MacDonald Ross (his own translation; Book One) Against the Logicians Athenaeum Reading Room (extracts; no translator acknowledged) George MacDonald Ross (his own translation; Book One)
Henry Sidgwick (1838-1900 CE)
Articles & Web pages Henry Sidgwick Article by Barton Schultz for the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Henry Sidgwick Wikipedia article. Henry Sidgwick Short introduction, with bibliography and links to on-line texts, from the History of Economic Thought Website. Sidgwick & Hare Maintained by UCHII Soshichi (Kyoto University). The main offering is his paper "Sidgwick;s Three Principles and Hare's Universalisability", originally published as "Three Essays on Ethics" in Memoir of the Graduate School of Letters 38, Kyoto University, 1999; also other papers by hima and others. Henry Sidgwick's The Methods of Ethics Introductory article by Alex Scott from Queequeg's Crossing. Henry Sidgwick and Psychical Research Paper by C. D. Broad (no publication details give), provided by the International Survivalist Society. Texts & translations The Sidgwick Papers Links to much of Sidgwick's published output, secondary literature, and relevant links; working links to primary literature are given below: The Principles of Political Economy (project in progress by the Classical Utilitarianism Web Site; so far [16 xii 04] it includes the Introduction and Book III) The Elements of Politics (project in progress by the Classical Utilitarianism Web Site; so far [16 xii 04] it includes the text up to Chapter XX, with footnotes & cross-references up to Chapter III) Methods of Ethics (provided by the Classical Utilitarianism Web Site) Practical Ethics (provided by the Classical Utilitarianism Web Site Impressions of Madame Blavatsky (extracts from Henry Sidgwick: A Memoir by Arthur Sidgwick and Eleanor Mildred Sidgwick, pp 384-385, 405, 410. Provided by the Blavatsky Study Centre) Reply to Mr Sinnett's Letter (from Journal of the Society for Psychical Research (London), July, 1885, pp 462-64; provided by the Blavatsky Study Centre)
Peter Albert David Singer (b.1946 CE)
I've moved all the links that used to be here to my own Peter Singer page.
Socrates (c.470-399 BCE)
Socrates Article by William Turner, from the Catholic Encyclopedia. Socrates Wikipedia article. Socrates Introduction, bibliography, and links from Garth Kemerling. Socrates - A Biography Extensive introduction from the 20-20 Site. Socrates Richard Hooker's introduction, Washington State University. Life of Socrates Introduction by Sanderson Beck. Socrates: Philosophy's Martyr Substantial extracts from Anthony Gottlieb's book, details of the book, its author, and the series of which it is a part, plus a few links to Plato resources. Who Was Socrates? Full text of the book by by Alban Dewes Winspear & Tom Silverberg, provided by Grover C. Furr (Montclair State University). Texts by Xenephon that involve Socrates, from Project Gutenberg (translated by Henry Graham Dakyns) http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=1171">The Apology The Memorabilia The Symposiam
Baruch (Benedictus de) Spinoza (1632-77 CE)
Articles & Web pages Articles from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Baruch Spinoza (Steven Nadler) Spinoza's Psychological Theory (Michael LeBuffe) Benedict De Spinoza Article by Blake D. Dutton from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Baruch Spinoza (Benedict de Spinoza) Article by Joseph Jacobs, from the Jewish Encyclopedia. Benedict Spinoza Article by Stanislaus von Dunin Borkowski, from the Catholic Encyclopedia. Benedict de Spinoza From Wiep van Bunge's Dictionary of Seventeenth and Eighteenth-Century Dutch Philosophers; provided by the Thoemmes Books. Baruch Spinoza Wikipedia article. Baruch Spinoza Introduction, bibliography, & links from Garth Kemerling. Studia Spinoziana Maintained by Ron Bombardi. This is an excellent site, with links to a vast range of resources related to Spinoza and his philosophical background and contemporaries. Baruch Spinoza Introduction by Kelley L. Ross for the Proceedings of the Friesian School. Joseph B. Yesselman "Dedicated to Spinoza's Insights. Electronic texts of Spinoza's major works with Commentary. Spinozistic Glossary and Index. Insights expressed in prose, dialogue, and calculus formats. Links to Spinoza Web sites." The Spinoza Net A good deal is available here, though much is for Spinoza anoraks rather than the philosopher (an article on Israel's set of stamps featuring Spinoza, a Spinoza screen-saver, etc...) Spinoza & Spinozism BDSWeb's extensive and extremely useful Spinoza page, with a good set of links to on-line resources of all kinds, including the Elwes translations, papers on Spinoza, etc.. The Philosophy of Benedictus de Spinoza Rudolf W. Meijer's pages, allegedly offering the Latin texts and a split-frame presentation of the works in Latin and English or French. I say "allegedly" because all I get is a blank screen, the site being Javascript-crippled. Baruch Spinoza Miles H. Hodges' introductory page. The Philosophy of Benedict Spinoza Introduction from the Radical Academy Spinoza Study Terry Neff's site, offering, among much else, the Elwes translations. Unfortunately, some of the site, at least, seems to be Javascript-crippled, and even more is very difficult to navigate for certain browsers because of poor use of frames. Peter Tagtmeyer's list of Spinoza links. Spinoza-Gesellschaft "Die Spinoza-Gesellschaft hat sich die besondere Förderung der deutschsprachigen Spinoza-Forschung und die Förderung der Wiedereinb'fcrgerung Spinozas in die deutschsprachige Kultur zur Aufgabe gestellt." Spinoza et Nous "c'est l'idée de partager, de mettre en commun cette expérience de penser avec Spinoza comme de vivre cette pensée. Ce site propose donc un ensemble d'informations sur la philosophie de Spinoza mais offre également un lieu d'échange où les informations et réflexions autour de la philosophie de cet auteur sont les bienvenues." Baruch Spinoza "La Filosofia e i Suoi Eroi [...] A cura di Diego Fusaro. Benedictus de Spinoza: een overzicht An introduction by Piet Steenbakkers. Texts & translations Short Treatise on God, Man, and His Well-Being Spinoza Study (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) Tractatus de Intellectus Emendatione (Treatise on the Improvement of the Understanding) Joseph B. Yesselman (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) BDSWeb (no translator acknowledged, but it's Elwes) J. Carl Mickelsen (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) Ethica ordine geometrica demonstrata (Ethics) Ron Bombardi (Middle Tennessee State University) (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) BDSWeb (no translator acknowledged, but it's Elwes) J. Carl Mickelsen (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) George MacDonald Ross (his own translation, with commentary) Tractatus Theologico-Politicus (A Theologico-Political Treatise) BDSWeb (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) J. Carl Mickelsen (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) Tractatus Politicus (A Political Treatise) Constitution Society (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) BDSWeb (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) J. Carl Mickelsen (translation by R.H.M. Elwes) Epistolæ (Correspondence) BDSWeb (translation by R.H.M. Elwes)
L. Susan Stebbing (1885-1943 CE)
Articles & Web pages L. ("Lizzie") Susan Stebbing Short introduction – mainly bibliographical – from Cosma Shalizi's Notebooks. Professor Lizzie Susan Stebbing Brief biographical note and bibliography provided by AIM25. Texts Extracts from A Modern System of Logic (1931) Provided by HIST-Analytic: Logical Constructions Postulational Systems and Principia Mathematica
Sir Peter Frederick Strawson (b.1919 CE)
Articles & Web pages P. F. Strawson Short Wikipedia article. Peter Frederick Strawson Entry from The Columbia Encyclopedia [Sixth Edition] provided by Bartleby.com. P. F. Strawson Short introduction from e-paranoids. Texts Freedom and Resentment Complete text from Strawson's Freedom and Resentment and other Essays, provided by Ted Honderich's Determinism and Freedom Philosophy Website.
Francisco Suárez (1548-1617 CE)
Articles & Web pages Francisco Suárez Article by A. Perez Goyena, from the Catholic Encyclopedia. Francisco Suarez Wikipedia article. Francisco Suarez Short introduction from Acton Institute for the Study of Religion and Liberty. Francisco Suárez Short introduction (in Spanish) by Cristina M. Null for Portalmundos. Suarez Short introduction (in Spanish), maintained by Alberto Manicone. Texts & translations Disputationes Metaphysicae Latin text provided by Salvador Castellote & Michael Renemann.